中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
2022年世界互联网大会乌镇峰会闭幕******
坚持理念引领 共话数字未来 展示实践创新 坚持开门办会
2022年世界互联网大会乌镇峰会闭幕
光明日报浙江乌镇11月11日电（记者张晓华、陈海波）为期3天的2022年世界互联网大会乌镇峰会11日圆满完成各项议程，落下帷幕。来自120多个国家和地区的2100多位嘉宾通过线上线下的方式参会，不仅创历届峰会之最，而且广泛性、代表性持续提升。
世界互联网大会秘书长任贤良在当天举行的新闻发布会上介绍，本次峰会呈现四大特点：坚持理念引领、共话数字未来、展示实践创新、坚持开门办会。
坚持理念引领。在本次峰会上，与会嘉宾围绕全球发展倡议数字合作、数字经济、数据治理、网络安全技术发展和国际合作等议题深入交流、热烈讨论，在加强数字合作互利共赢、数字经济创新发展、数字生态安全治理等方面形成广泛共识，“携手构建网络空间命运共同体”“走出一条全球数字发展之路”获得与会各方的高度认可和热烈响应。
共话数字未来。与会嘉宾普遍认为，以数字化、网络化、智能化对传统产业进行改造提升，是实现制造业高质量发展的必然要求和趋势。各方需共同提高新兴技术的可及性和可负担性，提升公众数字技能，打造惠及所有人的数字共享体系。
展示实践创新。峰会从全球100多个国家申报的210余项案例中，精选了12项在峰会期间发布；同时评选出15项代表性科技成果。此外，“互联网之光”博览会吸引40个国家和地区的400余家中外企业机构以线下线上结合方式参展；“直通乌镇”全球互联网大赛吸引24个国家1100多个项目参赛，较往年增加5个国家、约100多个项目。
坚持开门办会。本次峰会由联合国经济和社会事务部、国际电信联盟、世界知识产权组织、全球移动通信系统协会作为支持单位，共设置19个分论坛、12场咖荟。
“每一次峰会，都是一次跨越山海的思想奔赴。”世界互联网大会乌镇峰会浙江省承办工作领导小组组长，浙江省委常委、宣传部部长王纲表示，本次峰会闪耀了数字文明的思想光芒，呈现了数字变革的硬核成果，提振了数字经济的产业动能，升级了数字智能的参会体验。峰会上，许多新理念新模式在交流交融交锋中孕育而生，不断赋予互联网发展以新的生机和活力。
此外，峰会还发布《世界互联网发展报告2022》和《中国互联网发展报告2022》蓝皮书，展现互联网发展重要成果。
《光明日报》（ 2022年11月12日 01版）
